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Chapter-41 Vesicoureteral Reflux: Medical and Surgical Aspects

BOOK TITLE: Principles and Practice of Pediatric Nephrology

Author
1. Vijayakumar M
2. Nammalwar BR
3. Vivekanandhan KG
ISBN
9788180613043
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11074_41
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2004
Pages
8
Author Affiliations
1. Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Government Medical College, Manjeri, Kerala, India, Pediatric Kidney Foundation, Chennai, Dr Mehta’s Hospitals Pvt Ltd., Chennai, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India, Mehta Children’s Hospital, Chetpet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerela, India, Mehta Children’s Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Mehta’s Children Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Mehta Children’s Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr. Mehta’s Hospital; Chennai Pediatric Kidney Foundation, Chennai, India, Chennai Pediatric Kidney Foundation, Dr Mehta’s Hospitals Pvt. Ltd, Chennai, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226 001, India, Medical College, Alappey, Kerala, Manipal Institute of Nephrology and Urology, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Kanchi Kamakoti, Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai
2. Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS, Trust Hospital, Chennai, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, India, Institute of Child Health, Hospital for Children; Mehta Children Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Mehta Children’s Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, Mehta's Multispeciality Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Institute of Child Health, Hospital for Children and Dr Mehta’s Children’s Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
3. Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Madras Medical College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Chapter keywords

Abstract

The urinary tract is the site of bacterial infection during childhood. Underlying structural abnormalities of the urinary tract are found in 30–50% of girls and in a somewhat higher proportion in boys with bacteriologically confirmed infection. These abnormalities have in common dilatation and stasis as the underlying functional defect and are organic obstruction as in posterior uretheral valve, functional obstruction as in neurogenic bladder and vesicoureteric reflux (VUR). VUR is the most common nonobstructive abnormality. VUR is the abnormal retrograde flow of urine from the bladder into the ureters. Primary VUR is a congenital abnormality of the vesicoureteric junction. Secondary VUR is the result of an anatomic or functional obstruction at any level in the urinary tract as in inflammatory disorders of the bladder affecting the vesicoureteral junction, surgery on the ureteric orifice, ureteral duplication, ureterocele, para uretheral diverticulam, posterior uretheral valve and rarely hypospadiasis.

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