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Chapter-33 Intracorporeal Dialysis in Children—Peritoneal Dialysis (PD)

BOOK TITLE: Principles and Practice of Pediatric Nephrology

Author
1. Vijayakumar M
2. Nammalwar BR
ISBN
9788180613043
DOI
10.5005/jp/books/11074_33
Edition
1/e
Publishing Year
2004
Pages
6
Author Affiliations
1. Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Government Medical College, Manjeri, Kerala, India, Pediatric Kidney Foundation, Chennai, Dr Mehta’s Hospitals Pvt Ltd., Chennai, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerala, India, Mehta Children’s Hospital, Chetpet, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Government Medical College, Kozhikode, Kerela, India, Mehta Children’s Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Mehta’s Children Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Mehta Children’s Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Dr. Mehta’s Hospital; Chennai Pediatric Kidney Foundation, Chennai, India, Chennai Pediatric Kidney Foundation, Dr Mehta’s Hospitals Pvt. Ltd, Chennai, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226 001, India, Medical College, Alappey, Kerala, Manipal Institute of Nephrology and Urology, Manipal Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India, Kanchi Kamakoti, Childs Trust Hospital, Chennai
2. Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS, Trust Hospital, Chennai, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, India, Institute of Child Health, Hospital for Children; Mehta Children Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Mehta Children’s Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Kanchi Kamakoti CHILDS Trust Hospital, Chennai, Mehta's Multispeciality Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Institute of Child Health, Hospital for Children and Dr Mehta’s Children’s Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
Chapter keywords

Abstract

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a substitution therapy. It replaces partially the excretory function and contributes to the maintenance of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base balance. It is short-term management until the kidney recovers its function. It is surmised that PD should be twice as efficient in infants as in adults. The mechanism of dialysis includes diffusion and osmosis between two compartments namely the peritoneal cavity with dialysis fluid and the vascular compartment with plasma separated by the peritoneal membrane. Diffusion takes place from a higher concentration to lower concentration. In osmosis the hypertonic peritoneal dialysis fluid in the peritoneal cavity will draw out plasma water in the vascular compartment of the peritoneum. In this process various solutes dissolved in the plasma water; urea, creatinine, potassium are also dragged out along with the plasma water.

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