Medical Biophysics deals with applications of physical ideas and concepts enshrined in mechanics, hydrostatics, hydrodynamics, optics, acoustics, electrodynamics and radiological physics to medical sciences. Some aspects of biophysics are indistinguishable from biochemistry, physiology, medical physics, nuclear medicine, biomedical engineering and biotechnol... [More]

Medical Biophysics deals with applications of physical ideas and concepts enshrined in mechanics, hydrostatics, hydrodynamics, optics, acoustics, electrodynamics and radiological physics to medical sciences. Some aspects of biophysics are indistinguishable from biochemistry, physiology, medical physics, nuclear medicine, biomedical engineering and biotechnology. Because of this overlapping medical biophysics means so many different things to so many different people. However, the subject has now crystallize out from a rather nebulous mass of ideas and practices and takes into account the key issues of medical sciences which have earlier not been duly addressed. Chapter 1 outlines the importance of physical forces namely osmotic pressure, surface tension and viscosity in medical sciences. Chapter 2 on pressure in fluids describes catheter transducer systems which are now being employed for recording dynamic pressure changes in human fluids and organs. Chapter 3 on muscle mechanics outlines how changes in the pitch of helix of actin and myosine molecules produce change in muscle length. The Chapter 4 on membranes integrates structure and transport mechanisms of membranes at different levels. Through Chapter 5 on Biopotentials an attempt has been made to analyse genesis, purpose and recording of various types of action potentials. Chapter 6 highlights importance of physical principles in understanding cardiovascular system. Chapter 7 gives information on X-ray tube and machine and discusses X-ray production and their properties. A Chapter 8 on radioisotopes gives much needed information on production, use and handling of radioisotopes and also discusses about the safe use of detectors for measuring different types of radiations. Chapter 9 describes physical principles and components of NMR imaging system. Chapter 10 describes various types of microscopes, their optical principles and use in medical sciences. Chapter 11 gives detailed information on units, bonds and forces of macromolecules.[Less]

The object of this book is to provide appropriate detail about the “Basic Radiological Physics”. The book “Basic Radiological Physics” is unique to serve as a single source of information addressing the entire spectrum of radiological sciences. The book “Basic Radiological Physics” may also be useful to the postgraduate or diploma students of radiology and i... [More]

The object of this book is to provide appropriate detail about the “Basic Radiological Physics”. The book “Basic Radiological Physics” is unique to serve as a single source of information addressing the entire spectrum of radiological sciences. The book “Basic Radiological Physics” may also be useful to the postgraduate or diploma students of radiology and imaging, nuclear medicine, and radiotherapy. Medical physics is a complicated subject, and with the constant advances in radiology with the emergence of latest technology, such as multi-detector computed tomography, digital radiography, 4D-ultrasonography, Doppler ultrasound, positron emission tomography-computed tomography and positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging, it becomes imperative for any radiologist to be up to date with the developments of these technologies. In this regard, this is an excellent book that takes on the arduous task of simplifying complicated concepts, aided by extremely effective theory and suitable diagrams. The book has six sections and 30 chapters covering, general physics, radiation physics, physics of diagnostic radiology, physics of nuclear medicine, physics of radiotherapy and radiological health and safety. The book “Basic Radiological Physics” also has much-needed sections on radiotherapy, nuclear medicine and radiation safety and protection.[Less]

Physics has lot of applications in Medicine and Biology particularly in Physiology, radiology, Cardiology, Neurology and Audiology, etc. Most of the equipments used in the above specialties are employing the principles of Physics and its applications. Nursing personnel is an important category in the health care industry next to physicians. They are supposed... [More]

Physics has lot of applications in Medicine and Biology particularly in Physiology, radiology, Cardiology, Neurology and Audiology, etc. Most of the equipments used in the above specialties are employing the principles of Physics and its applications. Nursing personnel is an important category in the health care industry next to physicians. They are supposed to know about the equipments, usage and its maintenance. Hence, a proper education about the physics is very important and also the need of the hour. Hence, an attempt is made to write a complete textbook of “Bio-medical Physics for Nurses” to fulfil a long felt need in this area. The book has eleven chapters involving various principles and its applications. Many areas highlight the medical instruments and its practical applications. Also lots of clinical applications are incorporated wherever needed.[Less]

Human biological functions or health care practices have basis of principles of biophysics. Therefore, nurses involved in providing nursing care must understand the physical principles and their applications in health care practices. So that, nurses can assess, plan, implement and evaluate each care intervention more effectively and scientifically. This text... [More]

Human biological functions or health care practices have basis of principles of biophysics. Therefore, nurses involved in providing nursing care must understand the physical principles and their applications in health care practices. So that, nurses can assess, plan, implement and evaluate each care intervention more effectively and scientifically. This textbook Biophysics in Nursing is a modest attempt to bring about the basic physical principles in simple, non-mathematical approach by incorporating their applications to health care and nursing practices. It has been ensured that each physical principle is simply defined and discussed with its application to nursing practices. Each topic of the content is presented in simple and lucid manner by using the illustrations and examples in health care and nursing practice areas. Contents of this textbook will fully meet the needs of the nursing students studying in Post Basic BSc Nursing program. This book useful for the nurses planning for different competitive examination for jobs or higher studies.[Less]

Physics is a science dealing with nature. It is concerned with the study of two concepts, matter and energy, and how they interact with each other. Matter is one, which occupies space and it is made up of molecules or atoms, e.g. copper, rubber, water and air. Matter exists in the form of solid, liquid, gas, liquid crystal and plasma state. Matter can be con... [More]

Physics is a science dealing with nature. It is concerned with the study of two concepts, matter and energy, and how they interact with each other. Matter is one, which occupies space and it is made up of molecules or atoms, e.g. copper, rubber, water and air. Matter exists in the form of solid, liquid, gas, liquid crystal and plasma state. Matter can be converted from one form to another by a physical or chemical change. Energy is the ability to do work and it has several forms. Energy can be converted from one form to another, e.g. water heater converts electrical energy into heat energy. The law of conservation of energy states that, the total energy in the universe is constant. The aim of this chapter is to provide appropriate detail about the quantities and units, physical quantities, and temperature and heat. A detailed discussion on the radiological mathematics has been provided in this chapter. Physics, energy, quantity, unit, SI unit, radiography unit, physical quantity, centigrade scale, absolute scale[Less]

This chapter reviews introduction about properties of matter, Systems of units, SI system, length, mass, time, Derived units (Area, velocity, density, Acceleration), Dimensions, Rules and Conventions in the use of symbols, Random errors and Instrumental errors. Length, Mass, Time, SI system, Random error, Instrumental error.

This chapter tells about the importance of Biochemistry in nursing as nurses are the largest group in health care organizations who are directly involved in promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services. Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell has been illustrated in tabular form, by highlighting there distinct features. This ch... [More]

This chapter tells about the importance of Biochemistry in nursing as nurses are the largest group in health care organizations who are directly involved in promotive, preventive, curative and rehabilitative services. Difference between Prokaryotic cell and Eukaryotic cell has been illustrated in tabular form, by highlighting there distinct features. This chapter also broadly defines the structure of cell and its various components along the function of each and every organelle. Nursing is considered as oldest art and youngest science; therefore nursing professionals base their advanced nursing knowledge on the knowledge acquired from the basic sciences such as anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pathology and so on. Biochemistry is concerned with the composition, characterization and transformation of matter. Thus, biochemistry can be defined as a science which tells us about the chemical constituents of living cell and the reactions and processes that they undergo. Nurses take care of sick patients who cannot care of themselves with varying level of medical conditions. Therefore, nurses need to be equipped with basic knowledge of biochemistry so that they understand the biochemical basis of disease condition and further understand the changes occurred in biochemical constitution of patient’s body during the course of illness so that they can inform about the disease progression and recovery of the patient. Biochemistry, cell, Prokaryotic cell, Eukaryotic cell, components of cell, Nursing, anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, pathology[Less]

The interaction between macromolecules, solutes, solvents, electrolytes and colloids in human body has been analysed in this chapter. The most important physical forces at work in living system include osmotic pressure, surface tension and viscosity. Any disturbance in the action of these forces inflicts illness that often comes to the attention of an astute... [More]

The interaction between macromolecules, solutes, solvents, electrolytes and colloids in human body has been analysed in this chapter. The most important physical forces at work in living system include osmotic pressure, surface tension and viscosity. Any disturbance in the action of these forces inflicts illness that often comes to the attention of an astute and inquisitive physician who asks for a test. This chapter covers different methods and units employed in quantifying forces of osmosis, surface tension and viscosity. Osmosis and its allied forces mainly operate in kidney to regulate fluid volume of the body. Surface tension is the key force at work in alveoli of the lungs. Blood flow is constantly under influence of viscosity of non–newtonian fluid, therefore, any change in viscosity has a direct bearing on the blood flow and this has been discussed at length in the text. Analysis of the factors affecting osmosis, surface tension and viscosity makes this chapter comprehensive and fascinating. Vapour pressure, Freezing point, Boiling point, Hydrostatic pressure, Charles law, Osmotic coefficient, Cryoscopic constant, Reflection coefficient, Osmotic pressure, Hydraulic conductivity, Plasma proteins, Oncotic pressure, Ultra filtration, Oedema, Venous obstruction, Haemorrhage, Sodium-potassium pump, Dialysis, Artificial kidney, Traubes stalagometer, Specific gravity, Gibb’s Thomson principle, Hay’s test, Bile salts, Surfactant, Lipoproteins, Alveolar stability, Absorption, Interfacial tension, Viscosity gradient, Poise stoke, Kinematic viscosity, Intrinsic viscosity, Simha’s factor, Assymetric proteins, Leukaemia, Thermoproteins, Cryglobulins, Viscometers[Less]

The smallest particle of an element is an atom, which forms the fundamental unit of matter. The atoms are very small and its diameter is of the order of 10–10 m. Every atom possesses a central core called a nucleus, which is positively charged. The diameter of the nucleus is of the order of 10-15 m. This chapter discusses the atom, which includes atomic numb... [More]

The smallest particle of an element is an atom, which forms the fundamental unit of matter. The atoms are very small and its diameter is of the order of 10–10 m. Every atom possesses a central core called a nucleus, which is positively charged. The diameter of the nucleus is of the order of 10-15 m. This chapter discusses the atom, which includes atomic number and mass number, mass defect, isotopes, electron shells, quantum number, ionization, binding energy, excitation, electron-volt, neutrons, and nuclear structure and stability. This chapter also discusses the electromagnetic radiation; it includes wave characteristics, particle characteristics, mass–energy equivalence, electromagnetic spectrum, and ionizing radiation and nonionizing radiation. Fluorescence, inverse square law and electronics are also discussed in this chapter. Nine well-illustrated figures are also presented in this chapter. Atomic structure, atomic number, mass defect, isotopes, electron shell, quantum number, electromagnetic radiation, electromagnetic spectrum, nonionizing radiation, fluorescence, inverse square law[Less]